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doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1709259 Received 19 September 2025 Revised 27 October 2025 Accepted 29 October 2025 Published 18 December 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Vanessa Souza-Mello, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil Reviewed by Eduardo Duarte-Silva, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States Updates Copyright 2025 Cheng and Kim
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The study showed a significant reduction in glutathione levels in those with Hashimotos and that having decreased glutathione levels is a factor in developing oxidative stress and decreasing immune tolerance
Oxidative stress further modulates disease severity by inducing DNA damage and enhancing inflammatory responses, particularly in pregnancy