Moisture control represents another benefit of refrigeration
Bacteriostatic water vs other solvents To make it clear why bacteriostatic water is the preferred choice, let us compare it with the most common alternatives: Comparison summary: if you plan to withdraw from a single peptide vial gradually over several days, which in research work with small doses is almost always the case, bacteriostatic water is the clear choice
Multi-dose preserved nasal sprays: Contain antimicrobial preservatives (most commonly benzalkonium chloride , typically 0.010.02% w/v, often with EDTA as a chelating agent)
These substances must not be used in humans, animals, or for any diagnostic or clinical application
A reduction in the mRNA level of inflammatory mediators (iNOS, IL-6, IFN-, and TNF-) and increased expression of HSP 70 and 90 and antioxidant proteins such as HO-1, NQO-1, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase 2, and GST-pi were observed (Park et al., 2020)