BED is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5) by frequent, recurrent episodes of binge-eating characterised by eating, in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is definitely larger than what most people would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances, causing marked distress, occurring at least once a week for 3 months, and without any compensatory behaviour [11]
(2001) 85(1):F536
Results indicate that DA-JC1 reduces neuroinflammation by inhibiting the proliferation of astrocytes and microglia in the substantia nigra, and mitigates the damage of toxic substances MPTP to midbrain dopaminergic neurons and fibers by promoting the expression of BDNF, phosphorylation of Akt in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, downregulating the pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and upregulating the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 (109, 110)
It brightens skin tone, strengthens skin defense, neutralizes free radicals, and improves overall skin quality
Safety Considerations and Side Effects Like all medications, GLP-1 drugs have potential side effects: Common side effects include: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (usually improving over time) Constipation Stomach pain or indigestion Injection site reactions (mild redness or itching) Less common but more serious concerns include: Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) Kidney problems Gastroparesis (stomach paralysis) in rare cases Joint and bone issues like arthritis and tendinitis Researchers found no established link between GLP-1 medications and pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, or thyroid cancer in large studies with years of follow-up
