According to the Mayo Clinic, parenteral vitamin B12 therapy is clinically indicated for treating deficiency caused by pernicious anemia, gastrointestinal disorders such as tropical sprue, and conditions resulting in malabsorption like pancreatic insufficiency
Powders and capsules have lower moisture and are less hospitable to microbes, so they are less likely to develop an L-carnitine smell under normal use
Neuroscience 71:589599 Das AM, Illsinger S, Hartmann H, Oehler K, Bohnhorst B, Khn-Velten WN, Lcke T (2009) Prenatal benzoate treatment in urea cycle defects
Steinbrenner and Brigelius-Floh, 2015), the brain and brain disease (Schweizer et al., 2004
Tabrizi R, Vakili S, Akbari M, Mirhosseini N, Lankarani KB, Rahimi M, et al