In a clinical study of obese men treated with liraglutide (a type of GLP-1 RA), researchers found a significant increase in serum testosterone levels, beyond what would be expected from weight loss alone. Sperm Quality Researchers have also looked at how GLP-1 RAs affect sperm metabolism the processes by which sperm generate energy, move, and function properly
Previous studies have shown that IGFs play an important role in endothelial cell physiology by promoting the expression of the vasodilators NO, VEGF and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) (33,34)
Cardiovasc Diabetol 20:32 Hundertmark MJ, Agbaje OF, Coleman R, George JT, Grempler R, Holman RR, Lamlum H, Lee J, Milton JE, Niessen HG, Rider O, Rodgers CT, Valkovi L, Wicks E, Mahmod M, Neubauer S (2021) Design and rationale of the EMPA-VISION trial: investigating the metabolic effects of empagliflozin in patients with heart failure
Proviral insertion in murine lymphomas 2 (PIM2) is reported to act as an oncogene in gastric cancer, controlling apoptosis via ROS-triggered ER stress, and promoting the development of gastric cancer (72)
if the patient swallows the pill while anxious, the upper esophageal sphincter is already partially clamped, creating an immediate physical roadblock for the medication
