Vegetarians and vegans are at increased risk for vitamin B12 deficiency, since the vitamin mainly comes from animal-based foods (or supplements)
It mimics growth-hormone-releasing hormone at the pituitary for a brief window (~30 minutes), nudging out a pulse of GH without driving a sustained, tonic rise in IGF-1
Side Effects of Excessive B12 Intake Whilst vitamin B12 toxicity is uncommon, several adverse effects have been reported in association with very high B12 levels, though establishing direct causation remains challenging
It is studied in preclinical models to investigate selective lipolysis stimulation, adipocyte metabolism regulation, body composition effects, and metabolic parameter modulation
Vitamins B5 and H have reported to cause life-threatening adverse reaction of eosinophilic pleuropericarditis and patient history for such allergy should be checked before administration (36)