The SODs convert superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, whereas the catalase and peroxidases convert hydrogen peroxide into water
The trade-off is that the analogue is a poor model of native IGF-I physiology precisely because it bypasses the buffering system that governs it
Its pharmacological profile is well-documented, encompassing potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and neurotrophic properties ( Catalpol exerts hypoglycemic effects, attributed to its capacity to restore mitochondrial function and enhance glucose uptake via increased Glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression ( Catalpols anti-fibrotic effects on the kidney are shown in Figure 1
Further studies are needed here, but it has the potential as a treatment for obesity and diabetes.[ref] EGCG: Found in green tea, EGCG has been shown in cell studies to increase GLP-1 secretion.[ref] Yerba mate tea: Animal studies show that Yerba mate induces GLP-1 secretion.[ref] Increase bitterness: The TAS2R38 gene, a bitter taste receptor, is active in the same cells in the gastrointestinal tract as glucagon-like peptide 1 cells
they rarely supplant (replace) the need for other therapies entirely
